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The American origin of the French Revolution
Ottinger, Sebastian ; Rosenberger, L.
We show that the French combatants’ exposure to the United States increased support for the French Revolution a decade later. French regions from which more American combatants originated had more revolts against feudal institutions, revolutionary societies, volunteers for the revolutionary army, and emigrants from the Old Regime’s elite. To establish causality, we exploit two historical coincidences: i) originally, a French army of seven and a half thousand was ready to sail, but one-third did not, ii) among those deployed, only some regiments were stationed in New England. Only combatants exposed to New England affected the French Revolution after their return.
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The Image of Maximilien Robespierre in the Thermidorian Discourse
Křivánková, Alena ; Klusáková, Luďa (advisor) ; Tinková, Daniela (referee)
The bachelor thesis The Image of Maximilien Robespierre in the Thermidorian Discourse deals with the way Robespierre was described during the era of the Thermidorian Convention (1794 - 1795) and how his image was politically used. The main sources of information are political pamphlets. The first part illustrates the image of the Thermidorian coup and its subsequent legitimization. The second part discusses the personality of Robespierre, symbolizing the embodiment of a certain approach to power and the revolutionary terror, and shows the connection between this notion and political alterations which were taking place in the revolutionary France at that time. The third one characterizes the struggles between Thermidorian left and right wing, and shows, how the image of Robespierre and the denomination "robespierristes" was used during this fight. As a result the negative image of Robespierre was gradually connected to the negative image of Thermidorian left as to the negative image of the Mountain Convention period, whereas it was used to support and legitimize a political turn to the right. Meanwhile, which image of Robespierre prevailed, is given precisely by the victory of the right. Key words: Maximilien Robespierre - French Revolution - Thermidor - propaganda
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French (language) revolution: the republican calendar and the metric system
Orel, Jan ; Štichauer, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Loucká, Hana (referee)
This thesis deals with the Republican Calendar and the metric system in France during the French Revolution, which is now seen primarily from the political point of view. The aim is to show the philosophical and ideological significance revealable when examining the historical development of these two systems. The work also consists of a personal research, which is devoted to use of the Republican Calendar and the System of Units and Measurements from the Revolution to the present.
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The Outline of History of Human Rights to the Universal Declaration
Pilátová, Lucie ; Veverková, Kamila (advisor) ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (referee)
The thesis is focused on the history of human rights, and their evolution since the time of ancient Greece and Rome to the Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948. The aim of the work is to make reader acknowledged with major events which influenced the development of human rights. Described are the thoughts of philosophers and significant events that changed the course of development of human rights. There is depicted a situation in ancient Rome and Greece, the period of development of the Christian faith and the Middle Ages and significant modern milestones including French revolution and the emergence of Declaration of Human rights, the reign of Maria Theresa and her son Joseph II. who made o lots of reforms, or revolution of 1848 and finally the emergence of Universal Declaration of Human Rights of 1948.
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The English Intellectuals in the Whirl of Revolutionary France: Interpretation of Political Events from the Perspective of Contemporaries
Borodáčová, Jana ; Skřivan, Aleš (advisor) ; Horčička, Václav (referee)
This Diploma thesis focuses on the investigation of impact of French Revolution into the development of political views of three Englishmen who represent three levels of view of revolutionary events: idealistic, radical and critical. Helen Maria Williams (1761-1827) represents an idealistic school of thought especially within the idea on universal citizenship and messianism of French Revolution. Simultaneously, she also represents some opinions of female population and their expectations relating to the status of women. Thomas Paine (1737-1809), a member of Convention and a supporter of the Girondists is an example of a radical religious view. The last of the trio is a physiocrat and a writer Arthur Young (1741-1820) who visited France before the Revolution. He became a witness and also a critic of the early revolutionary events. Key Words Helen Maria Williams, Thomas Paine, Arthur Youn, The French Revolution.
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Contemporary history textbooks as a tool for developping historical thinking of the elementary school students - case of French Revolution
Tomčíková, Eva ; Najbert, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Pinkas, Jaroslav (referee)
This thesis inspects how the topic of French Revolution is presented in three chosen textbooks, corresponding exercise books and, in some cases, methodical guidelines for Czech elementary schools (textbooks by the publishing houses Fraus, Nová škola and Státní pedagogické nakladatelství). This is done through three of the six historical thinking concepts as established by Peter Seixas. The chosen concepts are: (identify) continuity and change, (analyze) cause and consequence and (take) historical perspetives. The thesis consists of a theoretical (chapters on historical literacy, inquiry-based learning, six historical thinking concepts, defining the topic of French Revolution and how it is elaborated in historiography, the significance and the role of the texbooks in teaching history) and a practical part (analysis and comparison of the chosen textbooks, exercise books and, in some cases, metodical guidelines, a plan of a unit on the given topic in the lenght of three standard lessons, which is oriented towards the development of the historical thinking of students). Considering the current state of Czech research of textbooks by Seixas' concepts, which is very limited, the methodology and research questions are newly and somewhat experimentaly created. The result of this research is the fact that...
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Marquis de La Fayette and His Impact on the American Independence War and the French Revolution
Bílková, Alžběta ; Kovář, Martin (advisor) ; Beneš, Zdeněk (referee)
Marquis La Fayette: His influence on the American war of Independence and the French Revolution The aim of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the life of marquis de La Fayette, in two revolutions as a so called "Hero of Two Worlds" - his influence in the American Revolution and French Revolution in the Age of Enlightment, including the analysis of his political and military merits and deeds. The first part of this thesis deals with Marquis' life before his departure to America, followed by listing of battles he was involved in, also it focuses on his relationship with George Washington and his fellow officers. The next part deals with his political activities back in France on the brink of the French of Revolution, which has shaken the very core of European society, including his work on The Declaration of the Rights of Man and the Citizen. The last part shortly deals with La Fayette's political fall during the events of the Massacre on Champ de Mars. Keywords French Revolution, American Revolutionary War, General La Fayette, Marie Joseph Paul Yves Roch, Gilbert du Motier, Marquis de La Fayette; revolution, Enlightment
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On a Question of the Dramaturgy of Kittl's Opera Bianca und Gisuppe oder Die Franzosen vor Nizza
Šochman, Martin ; Ottlová, Marta (advisor) ; Gabrielová, Jarmila (referee)
The Czech opera production of the so called "Pre-Smetanian" era represents a topic quite neglected by music historians. It is therefore the goal of this master's thesis to repay this debt by showing Kittl's opera, Bianca und Giuseppe oder Die Franzosen vor Nizza, (the libretto, written by Richard Wagner, based on the novel, Die hohe Braut, by Heinrich König) as a work of art which illustrates the high quality of the Prague opera scene in the mid-1800s. The core of this thesis consists of a dramaturgical analysis of the final form of the mentioned opera. This analysis advances in three steps. 1. The main idea of König's novel and its aesthetic are presented in the light of his life. 2. The following chapter concerns Wagner's libretto. Apart from showing the differences between the novel- and opera aesthetics, the emphasis is on the dramaturgical means which Wagner employs: various usage of the couleur locale, ensemble of the pezzo concertato type, working with specific time structures in the opera or allegorical usage of the so called - as Frenchmen say - spectacle d'optique. 3. The next chapter strives to assess the extent to which Kittl succeeded in expressing Wagner's intentions or, in another words, the extent to which Wagners's "poetic intention" (dichterische Absicht) came true in Kittls's music....
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